Application of Environmental Case Law to Managing Outdoor Shooting Ranges

Several important cases have established a framework within which shooting-associated materials can be managed at outdoor ranges to minimize solid and hazardous waste issues under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), and discharge issues under the Clean Water Act (CWA). The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued guidance on best management practices for lead at outdoor shooting ranges consistent with this case law. Bullets, shot, and other materials can be reclaimed/recycled and otherwise managed such that they do not become wastes. Discharges into waters of the United States can be avoided or permitted. Ranges that do not implement the EPA guidance are very vulnerable to environmental allegations under these and related laws. This presentation summarizes environmental management to protect the interests of outdoor shooting ranges.